Blueprint of a gear train.

 Robert J. Yarbrough
 Patent Attorney

 Patents - Inventions - Trademarks

Partial List of Publications of the late
Harold T. Hammel, Ph.D 

Photo of H.T. Hammel, Ph.DThe following is a partial list of the late Dr. Harold T. Hammel's publications in the area of osmosis.  Follow this link to  an introduction to Dr. Hammel's ideas.  Follow this link to a patent application addressing high altitude pulmonary edema ("HAPE").

1) Hammel, H.T. and Scholander, P.F. (1973) Thermal Motion and Forced Migration of Colloidal Particles Generate Hydrostatic Pressure in a Solvent PNAS, Jan 1973; 70:124-128

2) Alan R.Hargens, Lemuel J. Bowie, Deborah Lent, Sylvester Carreathers, Richard M. Peters, H. T. Hammel, and P. F. Scholander (1980) Sickle-Cell Hemoglobin: Fall in Osmotic Pressure upon Deoxygenation PNAS, Jul 1980; 77: 4310 - 4312.

3) Hammel HT and AR Hargens, (1986) Mechanism of Osmosis: Hulett's vs. Lewis' View of Altered Solvent in Solution. Frontiers in Biomechanics, edited by GW Schmid-Schoenbein, SL-Y Woo, and BW Zweifach.  New York: Springer-Verlag, pp. 142-149

4) Hammel, H. T. (1994) How solute alters water in aqueous solutions. J.Phys.Chem. 98: 4196-204.

5) Hammel, H. T. (1995) Role of colloidal molecules in Starling’s hypothesis and in returning interstitial fluid to the vasa recta. Am. J. Physiol. 268:H2133-44.

6) Hammel, H.T. (1998) Replacing Lewis's theory with Huletts theory of altered chemical potentials of reacting constituents in solution. Recent Res. Devel. in Physical Chem. 2:77-111.

7) Hammel, H. T. (1999) Evolving ideas about osmosis and capillary fluid exchange.   FASEB J. 13: 213-231.

8) Hammel, H. T., Brecheu, W. F. (2000) Plasma-ISF fluid exchange in tissue is driven by diffusion of carbon dioxide and bicarbonate in presence of carbonic anhydrase. FASEB 14: Abstract 315.3.

9) Brecheu, W. F., Hammel, H. T.  (2002) Causes of plasma-ISF exchange in fish, birds and mammals. FASEB J. 16: Abstract 657.1.

10)    Hammel, H.T., Schlegel, WM (2005) Osmosis and solute-solvent drag: fluid transport and fluid exchange in animals and plants, Cell Biochem Biophys 42(3):277-345